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Disgusting Indingenous communities have also been historically subjected to conservatorships The disturbing history of how conservatorships were used to exploit, swindle Native Americans https://theconversation.com/amp/the-disturbing-history-of-how-conservatorships-were-used-to-exploit-swindle-native-americans-165140 between 1908 and 1934, when guardianships became a vehicle for the swindling of Native communities out of their lands and royalties. By that time, federal policy had forced the removal of the Five Civilized Tribes from eastern and southern locations in the United States to what is presently Oklahoma. Subsequent federal policy converted large tracts of tribally held land into individual allotments that could be transferred or sold without federal oversight – a move that fractured communal land. Land deemed to be “surplus to Indian needs” was sold off to white settlers or businesses, and Native allotment holders could likewise sell their plots after a 25-year trust period ended or otherwise have them taken through tax assessments and other administrative actions. Through this process Indian land holdings diminished from “138 million acres in 1887 to 48 million acres by 1934 when allotment ended,” according to the Indian Land Tenure Foundation. During the 1920s, members of the Osage Nation and of the Five Civilized Tribes were deemed to be among the richest people per capita in the world due to the discovery of oil and gas underneath their lands. However, this discovery turned them into the victims of predatory schemes that left many penniless or even dead.